energy density: by mass: by volume: MJ/kg: MJ/L: nuclear fission (of U-235) (Used in Nuclear Power Plants) 77,000,000. 1) Fuels which consist of a mixture of several different compounds may vary in quality between seasons and markeds. Some ways that oil can be used either before or after refining are:[8], Some of these uses require more refining of crude oil to become useful, but they all utilize oil in some way. The units of measure for energy density are Mega Joules, mass is expressed in kilograms and volume in liters. Conventional oil is held beneath the ground in traps or reservoirs, held in the tiny pore spaces of porous and permeable rock. 24. liquid hydrogen . Although greater matter densities can be achieved, … Chemically, oil is composed mainly out of carbon and hydrogen with other trace elements. where H = heat energy absorbed (in J), ΔT = change in temperature (in °C), m = mass of water (in g), and Cp = specific heat capacity (4.18 J/g°C for water). A pump jack is used to extract oil from a well. Figure 2. Figure 1. Crude oil has a relatively high energy density, with 1 kilogram of crude oil containing $5.3 \times 10^7 J$.[9]. Roughly 1/3 of the world's primary energy comes from this primary fuel. 30.53. gasohol (10% ethanol 90% gasoline) 43.54. It can be distilled or undergo hydrocarbon cracking to create products and fuels that will be useful. [6] Initially, most oil was turned into kerosene and used as fuel for lamps, but over time it grew to be used for fuelling cars and generating electricity.

Karol Shepelsky -- 2002 Energy in a barrel of petroleum We don't collect information from our users. 32.5. 0.444–0.646 tonnes of oil equivalent per tonne, energy density of coal" 18-27 MJ/kg: Coal is a hard, black substance found in deposits of sedimentary rock. The given values are for fuels with the given density. For full table with Net Heating values - rotate the screen! These reactions are nuclear, chemical, electrochemical and electrical. Any evaluation of alternate fuels and their contribution to climate change must include consideration of "energy density", a measure of the amount of energy stored in a given volume or mass (weight) of that fuel. This basic fact is often over looked, or misrepresented, in discussions of alternate fuels. According to the EIA, the majority of oil usage in the United States is from transportation (through the use of gasoline and diesel) accounting for 2/3 of all the oil used. Any evaluation of alternate fuels and their contribution to climate change must include consideration of "energy density", a measure of the amount of energy stored in a given volume or mass (weight) of that fuel. So, the answer to the question in the beginning better be yes, because without petroleum life as we know it would be boring, if not impossible. See also Heat of combustion, Fuels - Higher and Lower Calorific Value and Combustion of fuels - CO2 emissions. A material can release energy in four types of reactions. 34.6. biodiesel oil (vegetable oil) 42.20. In addition to carbon dioxide and other emissions produced during the burning of oil products, the production, transport, refining, and drilling processes all have their own associated environmental impacts. [6] The well can be vertical, directional, or horizontal depending on how much access to the deposit is needed. In scientific equations, energy density is often denoted by U. Petroleum or crude oil has a high energy density, which is approximately 45 MJ/kg. Energy content or calorific value is the same as the heat of combustion, and can be … Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License.

[5] When calculating the amount of energy in a system most often only useful or extractable energy is measured. * Natural gas composition may vary a lot between different markets, ** Short ton, 1 short ton = 2000 lb = 907.18 kg, 1 metric tonne gasoline = 8.44 barrels = 1342 liter = 42.8 GJ, 1 US gallon diesel = 129000 Btu  = 136 MJ = 36 MJ/liter, Fossil and Alternative Fuels - Energy Content, en: fossil fuels energy content oil barrel gasoline diesel coal natural gas alternative. Generally, extraction requires a well that is drilled into a reservoir containing crude oil. These changes, over long periods of time, transformed the once-photosynthetic energy from the Sun into the energy stored in the oil itself. 10.1 The resulting energy value divided by grams of fuel burned gives the energy content (in J/g). In general, oil is a liquid that is made up of organic molecules. Per gallon, diesel fuel contains about 12% more energy than gasoline, thus when burned in engines of comparable efficiency means that diesel powered vehicles should get about 12% better mileage, which is in the ball park. When burned in the presence of oxygen, oil undergoes a hydrocarbon combustion reaction, creating carbon dioxide and water vapour. Atmospheric emissions are not the only issue, as the destruction of land used during extraction and the possibility of an oil spill can destroy potentially significant ecological areas. This basic fact is often over looked, or misrepresented, in discussions of alternate fuels. These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server.

Although oil is currently an extremely important fuel, the production of carbon dioxide through the combustion of crude oil and its refined products is contributing to climate change. Please read AddThis Privacy for more information. Teach! This energy, however, can be released only by the processes of nuclear fission (0.1%), nuclear fusion (1%), or the annihilation of some or all of the matter in the volume V by matter-antimattercollisions (100%).

If the initial and final temperatures of the water is measured, the energy released can be calculated using the equation. Nuclear reactions cannot be realized by chemical reactions such as combustion. If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords.
Act! Oil is used for many different things, and is used extensively for transportation. The table below gives the gross and net heating value of fossil fuels as well as some alternative biobased fuels. As previously mentioned, the original energy source of oil is the Sun, as the energy stored within dead organic matter is what creates crude oil over time. Density Specific Energy Energy Density Gasoline: 716-47.3-33,867: Kerosene: 830-46.2-38,346: Diesel Fuel: 830-44.8-37,184: Ethanol: 784-29.7-23,278: Coal (Anthracite) 1350-27-36,450: Methanol: 787-22.7-17,855: Wood: 600-15-9,000: Coal (Lignite) 801-15-12,015 It is formed from the remains of ancient life that was buried deep in the earth millions of years ago. Some chemicals produced contribute to smog, while others are greenhouse gases that contribute to the warming of the Earth. Some of our calculators and applications let you save application data to your local computer. We don't save this data.

[2] On August 27, 1859 oil was pumped out of the ground for the first time by Edwin Drake in Pennsylvania and thousands of wells have been drilled since. 28.06. ethanol. Roughly 1/3 of the world's primary energy comes from this primary fuel.Chemically, oil is composed mainly out of carbon and hydrogen with other trace elements. Edwin Drake, the driller of the first productive oil well. Since oil is made mostly out of carbon and hydrogen atoms, it is known as a hydrocarbon (although from a chemical standpoint, it's often not a true hydrocarbon). The chart below shows the energy density for some common fuels ranked by volume. 46.9. This locked the carbon underground where heat and pressure led to chemical and physical changes. Uranium contains far more energy than any of our other fuels, and behind nuclear fusion of the sun is the second most powerful source of energy known to man.
This energy, E = mc , where m = ρV, ρ is the mass per unit volume, V is the volume of the mass itself and c is the speed of light.